Licenses, tests and disqualifications
Questions and answers
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A single vehicle needs a CDL when its gross vehicle weight rating is at least how much?
26,001 pounds
Any single vehicle with a GVWR of 26,001 pounds or more requires a CDL.
Section 1 · Section 1 INTRODUCTION ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A combination has a GCWR of 30,000 pounds. When does it require a CDL?
When the towed vehicle’s GVWR is more than 10,000 pounds
A combination of 26,001 pounds or more GCWR needs a CDL if the towed unit is rated over 10,000 pounds.
Section 1 · Section 1 INTRODUCTION ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Under the federal standard, a vehicle designed to carry how many passengers including the driver requires a CDL?
16 or more
A vehicle designed for 16 or more passengers, counting the driver, is a CMV that needs a CDL.
Section 1 · Section 1 INTRODUCTION ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A small van carries hazardous materials that require placards. Does the driver need a CDL?
Yes, a vehicle of any size with placards needs a CDL
Any size vehicle that requires hazmat placards, or carries a listed select agent or toxin, requires a CDL.
Section 1 · Section 1 INTRODUCTION ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What does the federal government require for the Hazardous Materials endorsement?
A background check and fingerprinting
Through Homeland Security, hazmat endorsement applicants must pass a background check and be fingerprinted.
Section 1 · Section 1 INTRODUCTION ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A driver holds a Class A CDL. Which other vehicle classes may this driver operate?
Class B and Class C
Class A skills include those for B and C, so a Class A holder may drive Class B and C vehicles.
Section 1 · CDL Classifications ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which vehicles belong in Class B?
Straight trucks and large buses, including articulated buses
Class B covers heavy single vehicles such as straight trucks and large buses.
Section 1 · CDL Classifications ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A Class B vehicle may tow another vehicle rated at no more than how much?
10,000 pounds GVWR
A Class B vehicle may tow a vehicle not in excess of 10,000 pounds GVWR.
Section 1 · CDL Classifications ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A single vehicle under 26,001 pounds is in the CDL program only if what is true?
It carries 16 or more passengers or placarded hazmat
Smaller Class C vehicles need a CDL only for 16 or more passengers or for placarded hazardous materials.
Section 1 · CDL Classifications ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What mainly decides whether a Class C vehicle requires a CDL?
The type of cargo carried
For Class C, the licensing category is based mainly on the cargo, meaning passengers or hazardous materials.
Section 1 · CDL Classifications ↗PDF, 41 MB -
How many kinds of CDL endorsements does the federal standard describe?
Six
There are six kinds of endorsements: T, N, P, H, X and S. States may add their own.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which endorsement may be added to a Commercial Learner’s Permit?
Tank vehicle (N)
Only the Passenger (P), School bus (S) and Tank vehicle (N) endorsements may go on a CLP.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which drivers need the T endorsement?
Drivers who pull double or triple trailers
Class A drivers who wish to pull double or triple trailers must pass a special test and add the T endorsement.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A tank vehicle endorsement is required when an individual tank holds more than how much?
119 gallons
The N endorsement applies to tanks with an individual rated capacity of more than 119 gallons.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
For the tank endorsement, what aggregate tank capacity triggers the requirement?
1,000 gallons or more
Tanks with an aggregate rated capacity of 1,000 gallons or more, permanently or temporarily attached, require the N endorsement.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Why do liquids in bulk cause driving control problems?
They are heavy, shift easily and have a high center of gravity
Bulk liquids are heavy, prone to shifting and ride high, which makes the vehicle harder to control.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
In which classes does the passenger endorsement apply?
Any class, A, B or C
The P endorsement applies to anyone who wishes to drive a bus in any class.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What does the TSA background check for hazmat drivers review?
Criminal, immigration and FBI records
The check includes criminal, immigration and FBI records. A security threat means the endorsement is denied.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which endorsement shows you passed both the tank vehicle and hazardous materials tests?
X
Drivers of tank vehicles hauling placarded hazmat add the X endorsement, which combines N and H.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What must you pass to add a school bus endorsement?
A special knowledge test and skills tests in a school bus
The S endorsement requires a special knowledge test and skills tests taken in a school bus.
Section 1 · CDL Endorsements & Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
How many standardized CDL restriction codes are there?
Ten
Restrictions are based on the vehicle and equipment used for the skills test. There are ten standard codes.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A CLP is issued with a Passenger or School Bus endorsement. What restriction must it also carry?
P, no passengers in a CMV bus
A CLP with a P or S endorsement must carry the P restriction for no passengers.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A CLP is issued with a Tanker (N) endorsement. What restriction must it also carry?
X, no cargo in a CMV tank vehicle
A CLP with the N endorsement must also carry the X restriction, so the tank must be empty.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You take the skills test in a vehicle with an automatic transmission. What restriction goes on your CDL?
E, no manual transmission
Testing in an automatic leads to the E restriction against driving CMVs with a manual transmission.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
For the E restriction, what counts as an automatic transmission?
Any transmission not operating fully on the gear shift and clutch principle
Any transmission that does not work fully by gear shift and clutch is treated as automatic.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What does the K restriction on a CDL mean?
Intrastate only
K restricts a driver who certified intrastate status from operating a CMV in interstate commerce.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You fail the air brake knowledge test. What restriction will your CLP or CDL carry?
L, no air brake equipped CMV
Not taking or failing the air brake test, or testing without air brakes, results in the L restriction.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You take the passenger skills test in a vehicle requiring a Group B CDL. What restriction applies?
M, no Class A passenger vehicle
Testing in a Group B passenger vehicle bars you from Group A passenger vehicles with the M restriction.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You take the passenger skills test in a vehicle requiring a Group C CDL. What restriction applies?
N, no Class A and B passenger vehicle
Testing in a Group C passenger vehicle bars you from Group A and B passenger vehicles.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Your Class A skills test vehicle is connected with a pintle hook. What restriction will you get?
O, no tractor-trailer CMV
Testing with a pintle hook or other non-fifth wheel connection gives the O restriction.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A CLP holder has a P endorsement. Who may ride along?
Test examiners, auditors, trainees and the accompanying CDL holder
A CLP holder with a P endorsement may carry only auditors, inspectors, examiners, other trainees and the supervising CDL holder.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What does the V restriction code show?
The driver has been issued a medical variance
V indicates there is information about a medical variance on the CDLIS driver record.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A CLP holder with an N endorsement may operate which tank vehicle?
Only an empty tank vehicle
With the X restriction, the CLP holder may drive only empty tanks, and not one with unpurged hazmat residue.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You take the skills test in a vehicle with air over hydraulic brakes. What restriction applies?
Z, no full air brake equipped CMV
Testing with air over hydraulic brakes gives the Z restriction against vehicles with full air brakes.
Section 1 · Restrictions ↗PDF, 41 MB -
According to the manual, what is the most reliable way to learn the special skills for driving a commercial vehicle?
Formal training
The manual helps you pass the tests but does not replace formal training.
Section 1 · To Get a CDL or CLP ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which CDL knowledge test is taken by all applicants?
The general knowledge test
Every CDL applicant takes the general knowledge test. The other tests depend on class and endorsements.
Section 1 · 1.1.1 – Knowledge Tests ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Your vehicle has air over hydraulic brakes. Must you take the air brakes test?
Yes, the air brakes test covers air over hydraulic brakes
The air brakes test is required for vehicles with air brakes, including air over hydraulic.
Section 1 · 1.1.1 – Knowledge Tests ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What are the three segments of the CDL skills test, in order?
Vehicle inspection, basic vehicle control, on-road driving
The segments are taken in this order, and each must be passed before moving to the next.
Section 1 · 1.1.2 – Skills Tests ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which vehicle cannot be used for the CDL skills test?
One with components marked or labeled
Any vehicle with marked or labeled components is not allowed for the skills test.
Section 1 · 1.1.2 – Skills Tests ↗PDF, 41 MB -
During the vehicle inspection test, what must you do for each item?
Point to or touch it, name it and explain what you inspect and why
You must point to or touch and name each item and tell the examiner what you check and why.
Section 1 · 1.1.2 – Skills Tests ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which trip is interstate commerce?
Between two places in one state, crossing into another state on the way
A trip within a state is interstate if the CMV crosses into another state or the cargo is part of an interstate trip.
Section 1 · 1.2.1 – Interstate or Intrastate Commerce ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You drive in both intrastate and interstate commerce. Which must you choose when you self-certify?
Interstate commerce
If you operate in both kinds of commerce, you must choose interstate.
Section 1 · 1.2.1 – Interstate or Intrastate Commerce ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You drive interstate only to transport school children between home and school. What is your status?
Excepted interstate, no federal medical certificate needed
Transporting school children is an excepted activity, so you do not need a federal medical examiner’s certificate.
Section 1 · 1.2.2 – Inter/Intrastate Commerce: Status Nonexcepted or Excepted? ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What must a non-excepted interstate driver provide to the state licensing agency?
A current medical examiner’s certificate
Non-excepted interstate drivers must submit a current medical certificate, often called a DOT card.
Section 1 · 1.2.2 – Inter/Intrastate Commerce: Status Nonexcepted or Excepted? ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You drive in both excepted and non-excepted interstate commerce. What must you choose?
Non-excepted interstate commerce
To be qualified for both kinds, you must choose non-excepted interstate commerce.
Section 1 · 1.2.2 – Inter/Intrastate Commerce: Status Nonexcepted or Excepted? ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What happens if you need a certified medical status but let your medical certificate lapse?
You become not-certified and may lose your CDL
Failing to provide and keep the certificate up to date makes you not-certified, and you may lose your CDL.
Section 1 · 1.2 – Medical Documentation ↗PDF, 41 MB -
At what blood alcohol concentration is it illegal to operate a CMV?
.04% or more
The BAC limit for CMV drivers is .04%, half the usual limit for car drivers.
Section 1 · 1.3.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of an Accident, and Commission of a Felony ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You have a detectable amount of alcohol under .04% while driving a CMV. What happens?
You are put out of service for 24 hours
Any detectable alcohol below .04% means 24 hours out of service.
Section 1 · 1.3.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of an Accident, and Commission of a Felony ↗PDF, 41 MB -
For a first offense such as leaving the scene of a CMV accident, how long will you lose your CDL?
At least one year
A first offense of this kind means losing the CDL for at least one year.
Section 1 · 1.3.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of an Accident, and Commission of a Felony ↗PDF, 41 MB -
A first alcohol offense happens while driving a placarded hazmat vehicle. How long is the CDL lost?
At least three years
If the vehicle was placarded for hazardous materials, the loss is at least three years.
Section 1 · 1.3.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of an Accident, and Commission of a Felony ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What happens on a second offense such as driving a CMV under the influence?
You lose your CDL for life
A second offense of this kind leads to lifetime loss of the CDL.
Section 1 · 1.3.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of an Accident, and Commission of a Felony ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What is the penalty for using a CMV to commit a felony involving controlled substances?
Losing your CDL for life
Using a CMV for a controlled substance felony means a lifetime CDL loss, even on the first offense.
Section 1 · 1.3.2 – Alcohol, Leaving the Scene of an Accident, and Commission of a Felony ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Speeding by how much over the posted limit is a serious traffic violation?
15 mph or more
Excessive speeding of 15 mph or more over the limit is a serious traffic violation.
Section 1 · 1.3.3 – Serious Traffic Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which of these is a serious traffic violation?
Following a vehicle too closely
Serious violations include speeding, reckless driving, erratic lane changes and following too closely.
Section 1 · 1.3.3 – Serious Traffic Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You commit two serious traffic violations in a CMV within three years. How long do you lose your CDL?
At least 60 days
Two serious violations within three years mean at least 60 days without a CDL.
Section 1 · 1.3.3 – Serious Traffic Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You commit three serious traffic violations in a CMV within three years. How long do you lose your CDL?
At least 120 days
Three or more serious violations within three years mean at least 120 days without a CDL.
Section 1 · 1.3.3 – Serious Traffic Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
How long will you lose your CDL for a first violation of an out-of-service order?
At least 90 days
A first out-of-service order violation means losing the CDL for at least 90 days.
Section 1 · 1.3.4 – Violation of Out-of-Service Orders ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You violate out-of-service orders twice within ten years. How long do you lose your CDL?
At least one year
Two violations of out-of-service orders in ten years mean at least one year.
Section 1 · 1.3.4 – Violation of Out-of-Service Orders ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What is the penalty for three or more out-of-service order violations within ten years?
Losing your CDL for at least three years
Three or more such violations in ten years mean at least three years without a CDL.
Section 1 · 1.3.4 – Violation of Out-of-Service Orders ↗PDF, 41 MB -
How long will you lose your CDL for a first railroad-highway grade crossing violation?
At least 60 days
A first grade crossing violation means at least 60 days without a CDL.
Section 1 · 1.3.5 – Railroad-highway Grade Crossing Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You commit a second railroad crossing violation within three years. How long do you lose your CDL?
At least 120 days
A second crossing violation within three years means at least 120 days.
Section 1 · 1.3.5 – Railroad-highway Grade Crossing Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What is the penalty for a third railroad crossing violation within three years?
Losing your CDL for at least one year
A third grade crossing violation within three years means at least one year without a CDL.
Section 1 · 1.3.5 – Railroad-highway Grade Crossing Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which of these is a railroad-highway grade crossing violation for all drivers?
Not having room to drive completely through the crossing without stopping
All drivers must have enough space to clear the crossing completely before driving onto it.
Section 1 · 1.3.5 – Railroad-highway Grade Crossing Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Your vehicle gets stuck on a crossing because the undercarriage is too low. How is this treated?
As a railroad crossing violation
Failing to negotiate a crossing because of insufficient undercarriage clearance is one of the six crossing offenses.
Section 1 · 1.3.5 – Railroad-highway Grade Crossing Violations ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which of these will cause you to lose or be denied a hazardous materials endorsement?
Renouncing your United States citizenship
You lose or are denied the hazmat endorsement if, among other things, you renounce your US citizenship.
Section 1 · 1.3.6 – Hazardous Materials Endorsement Background Check and Disqualifications ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Within how long must you surrender your hazmat endorsement after a conviction for a disqualifying crime?
24 hours
A hazmat endorsement holder must notify the state and surrender the endorsement within 24 hours.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Your car driving privilege is suspended for an alcohol violation. What happens to your CDL?
You lose it for 1 year
Alcohol, controlled substance or felony suspensions in your personal vehicle cost your CDL for 1 year.
Section 1 · 1.3.7 – Traffic Violations in Your Personal Vehicle ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Your personal license is suspended. May you get a hardship license to drive a CMV?
No
A CDL holder whose personal driving license is suspended may not obtain a hardship license for a CMV.
Section 1 · 1.3.7 – Traffic Violations in Your Personal Vehicle ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Your personal license is suspended for traffic violations, not parking. What happens to your CDL privileges?
You also lose your CDL driving privileges
A suspension of your personal driving privilege for traffic violations also takes away your CDL privileges.
Section 1 · 1.3.7 – Traffic Violations in Your Personal Vehicle ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What can a court do if you hold more than one driver license?
Fine you up to $5,000 or put you in jail
Holding more than one license can bring a fine up to $5,000 or jail, and the court keeps your home state license.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Within how many days must you tell your employer about a traffic conviction (other than parking)?
30 days
You must notify your employer within 30 days of a traffic conviction, in any vehicle.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
You are convicted of a traffic violation in another state. Within how long must you notify your licensing agency?
30 days
Convictions in other jurisdictions must be reported to your licensing agency within 30 days.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Your license is suspended. How soon must you tell your employer?
Within two business days
Suspension, revocation, cancellation or disqualification must be reported to your employer within two business days.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
When you apply for a commercial driving job, for how many past years must you list your driving jobs?
10 years
You must give the employer information on all driving jobs held in the past 10 years.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
What may a court do to an employer who lets a driver with a suspended CDL drive?
Fine the employer up to $5,000 or put him or her in jail
Employers may not let a driver with a suspended CDL or more than one license drive, and can be fined up to $5,000 or jailed.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which mobile phone use is allowed while driving a CMV?
Pressing a single button
You may not hold a phone for a call or dial by pressing more than one button, and you may not text.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
If you do not wear a safety belt, how much more likely are you to be fatally injured if thrown from the vehicle?
Four times
Without a belt you are four times more likely to be killed if thrown from the vehicle.
Section 1 · 1.4 – Other CDL Rules ↗PDF, 41 MB -
IRP and IFTA cover vehicles traveling throughout which area?
The 48 contiguous states and 10 Canadian provinces
These programs share fees and fuel taxes across the 48 contiguous states and 10 Canadian provinces.
Section 1 · 1.5 – International Registration Plan ↗PDF, 41 MB -
How often does an IFTA licensee file a fuel tax return with the base jurisdiction?
Quarterly
The licensee files one quarterly tax return reporting operations in all IFTA member jurisdictions.
Section 1 · 1.5 – International Registration Plan ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Under IRP, a power unit with three or more axles is a qualified vehicle at what weight?
Regardless of weight
A power unit with three or more axles qualifies regardless of weight. Two-axle units qualify above 26,000 pounds.
Section 1 · 1.5 – International Registration Plan ↗PDF, 41 MB -
For how long must the original Individual Vehicle Distance Records be kept?
At least four years
The IVDR is the source for fees and taxes and must be kept for a minimum of four years.
Section 1 · 1.5 – International Registration Plan ↗PDF, 41 MB -
When should you log an odometer reading on your Individual Vehicle Distance Record?
When leaving the state or province
Log the odometer at the start of the day, when leaving a state or province, and at the end of the trip or day.
Section 1 · 1.5 – International Registration Plan ↗PDF, 41 MB -
Which fuel purchases must be documented with a receipt for your IVDR?
All fueling
You must get a receipt for all fueling and include it with your completed IVDR.
Section 1 · 1.5 – International Registration Plan ↗PDF, 41 MB
Questions and answers by topic
- Texas commercial rules126
- Vehicle inspection67
- Control, shifting and seeing54
- Communicating, speed and space85
- Seeing hazards, distraction and road rage78
- Night, fog, winter and hot weather72
- Railroad crossings and mountain driving53
- Emergencies, ABS and skids68
- Accidents, fires, alcohol and hazmat rules75
- Transporting cargo49
- Transporting passengers82
- Air brake parts and dual systems77
- Inspecting and using air brakes79
- Driving combination vehicles56
- Combination air brakes, coupling and inspection90
- Doubles and triples57
- Tank vehicles57
- Hazmat rules, classes and papers84
- Loading, bulk and driving with hazmat86
- Hazmat emergencies66
- School bus danger zones and loading67
- School bus emergencies, crossings and safety75